Trust and Group Leader based Model to Avoid Broadcast Storm Problem in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) place an important role in the development of better transportation systems. Road Side Unit (RSU) is the one of the main component of VANETs. In this paper, we propose a mechanism for registration of the arrival of new vehicle into the networks. RSU acts as a local registration unit for the network registration of any vehicle. In VANETs most of the interaction or communication occurs on broadcasting mode. To avoid the broadcast storm problem we propose a Group Leader based Trusted Vehicular Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol (GLTVAODV) which is the modification of Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing protocol (AODV). In our GL-TVAODV protocol, a vehicle can broadcast important information through Group Leader (GL) to other nodes in the network. To broadcast a message a vehicle needs to send request to the GL. If broadcasted message does not come through GL then other nodes will not consider this information as authenticated information. In such ways we can reduce the broadcast storm in VANETs. RSUs are playing the role of GL in their region or area and vehicles are the members of particular group. RSUs are taken as GL because of its high processing power, unmoving so no need to change the GL frequently etc. Because of high mobility characteristics of VANETs, mobility plays important role in selection of GL. In the absence of RSU or RSU down, our GL-TVAODV protocol selects the GL among the numbers of vehicles presents in that area based on Slowest Moving Vehicle (SMV) and trust. The transmission range of RSU is more than vehicle transmission range. So, more than one group may be formed. All the members 576 Debasish Roy and Prodipto Das in a group are one-hop Group Members (GMs) i.e. all the GMs are within onehop communication range of the GL. Finally, we have conducted the simulation to show the accuracy and performance of our proposed GLTVAODV protocol based on the assumption that traffic roads are one way road i.e. all the vehicles are moving in the same direction. Proposed model performance and accuracy is validated using the Network Simulator (NS2).